What are fallopian tubes? Fallopian tubes are the part of the female reproductive system that connects the ovaries to uterus. The fallopian tubes – one on either side – are approximately 10cm in length and approximately 1cm in diameter. Each fallopian tube has three parts, named the infundibulum, ampulla and isthmus. Every month, the fallopian tubes transport an ovum from the ovary to the uterus. The lateral part of the fallopian tube, overlying the ovaries, is the infundibulum. The infundibulum has finger-like projections called fimbriae. The fimbriae help to pick up the eggs from the ovary. The part next to the infundibulum is the ampulla. The ampulla is the most common site for fertilization. Next to the ampulla is the isthmus, the part closest to the uterus. Role of fallopian tubes in fertility Every month, the ovary releases an ovum which is picked up by the fimbriae of the fallopian tube. The ovum enters the fallopian tube and remains there for around 12 to 24 hours. If it gets fertilized with the sperm, the process of fertilization is carried forward. If not, the unfertilized ovum gets shed, along with the uterine lining, as menstrual bleeding. Therefore, the fallopian tubes need to be patent or open for the ova to travel through them to unite with the sperm. In case the fallopian tubes are blocked for some reason, passage of the ovum along the fallopian tube is hindered, which in turn makes it impossible for the sperm to fuse with the ovum, resulting in …
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